Sezvo kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kuri kuramba kuchikura, ndizvo zvinoitawo kudiwa kwakabatana kwesimbi yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi.
Vatengesi veinjini yeindasitiri neyekutengesa vari kutarisana nedambudziko guru. Nhoroondo, vatengesi vakaita seABB, WEG, Siemens neNidec vakapa zviri nyore zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa mukugadzira mota dzavo. Ehe, kune zvakawanda zvinokanganisa zvekushandisa muhupenyu hwese hwemusika, asi kashoma kuti izvi zvinokura kuita dambudziko renguva refu. Nekudaro, isu tave kutanga kuona kukanganiswa kwekupa kunogona kutyisidzira kugona kwekugadzira kwevanopa mota kwemakore anotevera. Simbi yemagetsi inoshandiswa muhuwandu hwakawanda mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi. Ichi chinyorwa chinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzira iyo electromagnetic munda inoshandiswa kutenderera rotor. Pasina iyo magetsi emagetsi ane hukama neiyi ferroalloy, kuita kweinjini kwaizodzikiswa zvakanyanya. Kare, mota dzekutengesa uye dzemaindasitiri kunyorera dzave hombe yevatengi kune emagetsi simbi vatengesi, saka vatengesi vemotokari vanga vasina dambudziko rekuchengetedza mitsara yekupa pekutanga. Zvisinei, nekuuya kwemotokari dzemagetsi, chikamu chevatengesi vemabhizimisi uye maindasitiri emagetsi emagetsi chave chichityisidzirwa kubva kumakambani emotokari. Sezvo kugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi kuri kuramba kuchikura, ndizvo zvinoitawo kudiwa kwakabatana kwesimbi yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, simba rekutaurirana pakati pevatengesi vemotokari / veindasitiri nevanotengesa simbi yavo riri kuramba richipera simba. Sezvo maitiro aya achienderera mberi, zvinokanganisa kugona kwevatengesi kupa simbi yemagetsi inodiwa pakugadzirwa, zvichitungamira kunguva yakareba yekutungamira uye mitengo yakakwira yevatengi.
Maitiro anoitika mushure mekuumbwa kwesimbi yakasvibirira inotarisisa kuti ndezvipi zvinangwa izvo zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa. Imwe nzira yakadaro inonzi "cold rolling" uye inobereka izvo zvinozivikanwa se "cold rolled steel" - rudzi runoshandiswa simbi yemagetsi. Cold akakungurutswa simbi inoita chikamu chidiki chidiki chekudiwa kwesimbi uye maitiro acho ane mukurumbira mukuru wemari. Naizvozvo, kukura kwesimba rekugadzira kunononoka. Mumakore 1-2 apfuura, takaona mitengo yesimbi inotonhora ichikwira kusvika kumatanho enhoroondo. Iyo Federal Reserve inotarisisa mitengo yepasi rose yesimbi inotonhora yakakungurutswa. Sezvinoratidzwa mune chati iri pasi apa, mutengo wechinhu ichi wakawedzera neinopfuura 400% kubva pamutengo wayo muna Ndira 2016. Iyo data inoratidza kushanduka kwemitengo yesimbi inotonhora-yakakungurutswa ichienzaniswa nemitengo muna Ndira 2016. Source: Federal Reserve Bank yeSt. Iyo yenguva pfupi-yekupa kuvhunduka kwakabatana neCOVID ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvekukwira kwemitengo yesimbi inotonhora. Nekudaro, iyo yakawedzera kudiwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi muindasitiri yemotokari kwave uye kucharamba kuri chinhu chiri kufurira mitengo. Mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, simbi yemagetsi inogona kuverenga 20% yemutengo wezvinhu. Nokudaro, hazvishamisi kuti muvhareji wekutengesa mutengo wemagetsi emagetsi wakawedzera ne 35-40% kana ichienzaniswa naJanuary 2020. Isu tiri kubvunzurudza vatengesi vemabhizimisi uye maindasitiri emotokari kune imwe shanduro yepasi shoma AC motor market. Mutsvagiridzo yedu, takanzwa mishumo yakawanda yekuti vatengesi vari kunetseka kupa simbi yemagetsi nekuda kwekuda kwavo vatengi vemotokari vanoisa maodha makuru. Isu takatanga kunzwa nezvazvo pakati pa2021 uye huwandu hwemareferensi kwazviri mukubvunzurudzwa kwevatengesi huri kuwedzera.
Nhamba yemotokari dzinoshandisa magetsi emagetsi mukufambisa ichiri shoma kana ichienzaniswa nemotokari dzinoshandisa injini dzinopisa mukati. Nekudaro, zvishuwo zvevagadziri vakuru vemotokari zvinoratidza kuti chiyero chichachinja nekukurumidza mumakore gumi anotevera. Saka mubvunzo ndewekuti, kudiwa kwakakura sei muindasitiri yemotokari uye ndeipi nguva yaro? Kuti tipindure chikamu chekutanga chemubvunzo, ngatitorei muenzaniso wemagadzirirwo makuru matatu epasirese: Toyota, Volkswagen, uye Honda. Pamwe chete vanogadzira 20-25% yemusika wepasi rose wemotokari maererano nekutakura. Vagadziri vatatu ava voga vachabudisa mamiriyoni emamiriyoni e21.2 emotokari muna 2021. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mamiriyoni emamiriyoni e85 emotokari achabudiswa ne 2021. Kuti zvive nyore, ngatifungei kuti chiyero pakati pehuwandu hwemagetsi anoshandisa simbi yemagetsi nekutengesa motokari yemagetsi ndeye 1: 1. Kana chete 23.5% yemotokari dzinofungidzirwa mamirioni makumi masere neshanu dzakagadzirwa dziri dzemagetsi, huwandu hwemotor dzinodiwa kutsigira iro vhoriyamu yaizopfuura iyo 19.2 miriyoni yakaderera-voltage AC induction motors inotengeswa muna 2021 yekushambadzira uye maindasitiri.
Maitiro ekuenda kumotokari dzemagetsi haadzivisiki, asi kuona kumhanya kwekugamuchirwa kunogona kuve basa rakaoma. Izvo zviri pachena, zvakadaro, ndezvekuti vagadziri vakaita seGeneral Motors vakazvipira kuisa magetsi akazara panosvika 2035 muna 2021, vachisundira musika wemotokari yemagetsi muchikamu chitsva. PaInteract Analysis, tinoteedzera kugadzirwa kwemabhatiri e-lithium-ion anoshandiswa mumotokari dzemagetsi sechikamu chetsvakiridzo yedu inoenderera mberi mumusika wemabhatiri. Iyi nhevedzano inogona kushandiswa sechiratidzo chechiyero chekugadzirwa kwemotokari dzemagetsi. Isu tinopa iyi muunganidzwa pazasi, pamwe neyakamboratidzwa inotonhora yakakungurutswa simbi yekuunganidza. Kuvaisa pamwe chete kunobatsira kuratidza hukama pakati pekuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemotokari yemagetsi nemitengo yesimbi yemagetsi. Dhata inomiririra kuita kana ichienzaniswa ne2016 kukosha. Kwakabva: Interact Analysis, Federal Reserve Bank yeSt. Mutsara wegrey unomiririra kupihwa kwe lithium-ion mabhatiri emagetsi emagetsi. Iyi ndiyo index kukosha uye kukosha kwe2016 kunomiririra 100%. Mutsara webhuruu unomiririra mitengo yesimbi inotonhora, zvakare yakaratidzwa sehuwandu hwehuwandu, nemitengo ye2016 pa100%. Isu tinoratidzawo EV bhatiri rekupa fungidziro inomiririrwa nemadotted grey bars. Iwe uchakurumidza kuona kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwekutakura kwebheteri pakati pe2021 ne2022, nekutumira zvinenge zvakapetwa ka10 kupfuura muna 2016. Mukuwedzera kune izvi, unogonawo kuona kuwedzera kwemutengo wesimbi inotonhora yakaputirwa panguva imwe chete. Zvatinotarisira zvekumhanya kwekugadzirwa kweEV zvinomiririrwa neiyo dotted grey line. Isu tinotarisira kuti gaka rekupa-kudiwa kwesimbi yemagetsi kuwedzera mumakore mashanu anotevera sezvo kukura kwehukuru kuri kuseri kwekuwedzera kwekudiwa kwechinhu ichi muindasitiri yeEV. Pakupedzisira, izvi zvinotungamira kuperevedza kwekugovera, izvo zvinozozviratidza munguva refu yekuburitsa uye nemitengo yakakwira yemotokari.
Mhinduro yedambudziko iri iri mumaoko evatengesi vesimbi. Pakupedzisira, simbi yakawanda yemagetsi inoda kugadzirwa kuti ivhare mukaha pakati pekupa uye kudiwa. Tinotarisira kuti izvi zviitike, kunyange zvishoma nezvishoma. Sezvo indasitiri yesimbi ichinetsana neizvi, tinotarisira kuti vatengesi vemotokari vanonyanya kubatanidzwa mune yavo yekugovera cheni (kunyanya zvinhu zvesimbi) kuti vatange kuwedzera mugove wavo kuburikidza nenguva pfupi dzekutumira uye nemitengo yakaderera. zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwavo. Vatengesi veinjini vanga vachitarisa izvi semaitiro emangwana kwemakore. Iye zvino tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti maitiro aya akatanga zviri pamutemo.
Blake Griffin inyanzvi mune otomatiki masisitimu, maindasitiri digitization uye off-road mota magetsi. Kubva ajoinha Interact Analysis muna 2017, akanyora zvakadzama mishumo pane yakaderera voltage AC mota, fungidziro yekuchengetedza uye nhare dzemagetsi hydraulics misika.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-08-2022